2023 Sustainability Advocacy Report
Table of Contents
03 Introduction
04
10
14
15
18
20
22
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Executive Summary
GM's Approach to Decarbonization
Federal and State Action
EPA Proposed Multi-Pollutant Emissions Standards
Implementing The Inflation Reduction Act (IRA)
Political Contributions: The GM Political Action Committee (GM PAC)
Partnerships and Coalitions
Appendix
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Introduction
Thank you for reading our 2023 Sustainability Advocacy Report focused on GM's activities in the U.S. to advance decarbonization. As a company on the leading edge of an ambitious transformation, responsible and constructive engagement with U.S. policymakers is key to achieving our vision of zero crashes, zero emissions, and zero congestion.
The Global Public Policy (GPP) team manages GM's engagement with legislative, regulatory, and policy stakeholders to advance company priorities. GPP leverages the expertise of the GM team, subject matter experts, coalitions, and industry trade associations to carefully consider public policy challenges and opportunities. GPP develops informed public policy positions to effectively advocate for legislative and regulatory action that will support decarbonizing on-road transportation and the grid.
This report reflects our commitment to continuously improve and enhance transparency for our stakeholders. In the following pages, we discuss a selection of the company's direct and indirect advocacy efforts across a range of sustainability issues—in the context of GM's ambitious goals to address climate change and support the Paris Agreement.1 GM seeks to ensure its direct lobbying activities and indirect advocacy activities are aligned with the goals of the Paris Agreement. We look forward to continuing the conversation about the benefits of GM's engagement strategy on public policy matters.
Craig B. Glidden Executive Vice President, Public Policy, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary
1 Additional information about the Paris Agreement can be found in Appendix B.
Depicted vehicles and features shown throughout may be simulated or in a preproduction state and subject to change. Products may not be currently available and subject to limited availability. Review each brand's website for more information.
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Executive Summary
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Executive Summary
General Motors Company (GM or the company) is on the path toward an all-electric, zero-emissions future. GM has approved science-based targets for scope 1, 2, & 3 (Category 11) emissions and plans to become carbon neutral in global products and operations by 2040.
For over a century, cars have driven our society, providing unprecedented mobility and transforming the ways we live and work. At GM, we lead the development of groundbreaking technologies and businesses that help move us closer to the future we envision with zero crashes, zero emissions, and zero congestion.
GM supports economy-wide efforts to address climate change by improving our fleet efficiency and embracing an all-electric future. GM supports one national regulatory program that strengthens American jobs and enhances the well-being of American consumers. The U.S. auto industry is embarking upon a profound market, manufacturing, and infrastructure transition;
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Executive Summary
Our Impact
GM is an integral part of the U.S. economy, U.S. manufacturing, the U.S. automotive market, and the U.S. transition to electric vehicles (EVs). In 2022, GM led U.S. automobile sales with 2.3 million vehicles sold while supporting over 700,000 jobs and $116 billion in gross domestic product. (reference) GM's salaried and hourly worker compensation averaged $140,000 in 2022, 69% greater than the average U.S. worker. (reference) GM has 11 U.S. vehicle assembly plants, the most of any automaker. (reference) GM also leads automakers with four announced U.S. joint venture (JV) battery cell manufacturing plants, as well as three U.S. assembly plants transforming to full EV production. Best-selling GM models are available as EVs in 2023, including Blazer EV (reference) and Silverado EV (reference), and BrightDrop all-electric cargo vans are now being delivered in several markets. (reference)
In 2022, GM:
Led U.S. automobile sales with 2.3 million vehicles sold
Supported over 700,000 jobs and $116 billion in GDP
Worker compensation averaged $140,000, 69% greater than the average U.S. worker
GM has:
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4
3
U.S. JV battery cell manufacturing plants announced
U.S. assembly plants transforming to full EV production
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Executive Summary
Our Approach
To expand GM's EV manufacturing capacity, we will continue to invest in EVs, EV software, and autonomous electric vehicles. Since 2020, we have announced investments totaling $11.7 billion across 14 sites in North America. (reference)
The mass adoption of battery electric vehicles is a national priority. We are on track to build production capacity for one million units in North America in 2025—and we will continue scaling from there.
Legislation on vehicle emissions, fuel economy, and safety is evolving, with varying standards being introduced at the local, regional, and national levels. GM and the Environmental Defense Fund have together recommended principles to guide the next generation of U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) vehicle emissions standards for Model Year 2027 and beyond. Focused on the shared vision of a zero-emissions, all-electric future, the proposals outline a challenging yet achievable framework that accelerates EV adoption and supports underserved and socially vulnerable communities.
In addition, GM advocates for rate design and market mechanisms focusing on cost and reliability while advancing technology to accelerate grid decarbonization. GM is committed to sourcing
100% renewable electricity in the U.S. by 2025, and globally by 2035, with an RE100-approved
goal to support the reduction of scope 2 emissions. To meet this goal, GM uses a four-pillar strategy of improving energy efficiency, renewable energy sourcing, mitigating intermittency, and policy advocacy.
This balanced strategy is followed with the aim of supporting the credibility of the RE100 campaign including, but not limited to, promoting energy efficiency and reducing barriers to renewable energy procurement while advancing grid decarbonization efforts with a focus on affordability and reliability. GM does not lobby against renewable energy production, in alignment with RE100 objectives.
GM is committed to sourcing 100% renewable electricity in the U.S. by 2025, and globally by 2035
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Executive Summary
GM Sustainability Highlights
GM has:
• Agreements to power 100% of our electricity for our U.S. sites from renewable sources by 2025—25 years ahead of our initial target of 2050.² • Joined the ZEROgrid initiative to help chart a path to a reliable, affordable, and decarbonized grid. (reference) • Opened the first Ultium Cells JV battery cell plant in Ohio with LG Energy Solutions. Construction is underway at a second Ultium Cells JV plant in Tennessee and a third in Michigan.
• Announced our fourth JV battery cell plant in Indiana. The JV with Samsung SDI and the 1,700 people at the plant in New Carlisle, Indiana, will help supply cells for millions of all-electric vehicles for customers across North America. (reference) • Secured all EV battery raw materials for 1 million units of North American capacity in 2025.
• Announced the second phase of the Ultium CAM JV with POSCO Future M—an investment projected to exceed $1 billion to increase the production capacity of cathode active material in North America and integrate precursor materials production. (reference) • In 2022, provided $60 million in grants to more than 400 U.S.-based nonprofits to help create inclusive solutions to social issues.
• Joined the First Movers Coalition through commitments to low-carbon steel, aluminum, concrete, and cement, signaling a firm market demand for a net-zero transition.
• Published our first disclosures for the Global Platform for Sustainable Natural Rubber (GPSNR) and Corporate Human Rights Benchmark (CHRB). In the 2022 CHRB, GM ranked in the top 10 of 127 companies across three industries.
GM Awards and Recognitions
• Received the ENERGY STAR Sustained Excellence Award for the 11th straight year • Ranked #18 on the EPA Green Power Partnership list • Won the Environmental Initiatives Award at the SEAL Business Sustainability Awards • Won the Sustainability Leadership Award from the Business Intelligence Group • Named as the only original equipment manufacturer (OEM) automaker on Ethisphere's World's Most Ethical Companies list for the fourth year in a row • Received an A- on the 2022 CDP Climate Change and Water Security questionnaires • Named to Fast Company's 2022 Brands That Matter list which recognizes organizations leading social action, sustainability, and inclusivity • Ranked 1st in the Automobiles & Parts industry sector in the 2023 JUST 100 rankings • Listed in the DiversityInc Top 50 Companies for Diversity, for the seventh consecutive year, ranking #36, two places higher than 2021 Executive Summary
² Based on estimated forecasted global renewable energy sourced through currently executed agreements, subject to change depending on actual future electric usage in operations and actual future renewable generation.
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In pursuit of decarbonizing on-road transportation, GM:
Advocates/advocated for
• Proposals that enhance U.S. innovation and the resiliency of North American supply chains • Consumer rebates and tax incentives for new and used light- and heavy-duty EV purchases and leases • The following climate provisions included in the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022: ◦ consumer purchase incentives for new and used light-duty EVs ◦ commercial EV incentives ◦ support for EV supply chain and manufacturing incentives such as the advanced energy project investment tax credits, production tax credits to invest in critical minerals processing, batteries, solar energy and wind energy ◦ the advanced technology manufacturing grant program ◦ tax credits for EV charger investments ◦ support for greening the federal fleets • Level 3 DC Fast Charge stations along federally designated alternative fuel corridors, as created by the passage of the 2021 Bipartisan Infrastructure Law with the National Electric Vehicle Infrastructure (NEVI) program • Expanding access to charging stations within rural areas, low- and moderate-income neighborhoods, and communities with a low ratio of private parking spaces, as created by the passage of the 2021 Bipartisan Infrastructure Law with the Discretionary Grant Program for Charging and Fueling Infrastructure
Promotes
• Consumer acceptance of EVs, to stimulate the adoption of EVs • Grid decarbonization that adds renewable energy to the grid while reducing local emissions
Plans to
• Achieve sales of 50% of annual U.S. volumes of EVs by 2030 in order to move the nation closer to a zero-emissions future consistent with the Paris Agreement • Eliminate tailpipe emissions from new light-duty vehicles in the U.S. by 2035 • Embed circular principles into our packaging procurement and design, aiming to have 100% returnable, viably recyclable, reusable, or compostable packaging by 2030
Our efforts to decarbonize on-road transportation are guided by GM's business objectives and policy commitments, including climate stewardship, and will be an essential part of helping the United States and other countries achieve their Paris Agreement commitments. GM is aligning with the goals of the Paris Agreement and the Business Ambition Pledge for 1.5ºC, an urgent call to action from a global coalition of United Nations agencies, businesses, and industry leaders. (reference) GM seeks to conduct its advocacy activities in line with restricting global temperature rise to 1.5⁰C above pre-industrial levels.
To accomplish these advocacy objectives, GM is committed to working globally with a broad set of key partners, industry associations, coalitions, and policymakers at the national, state/ provincial, and local levels. In the interest of transparency and ensuring alignment of our engagement strategy with our sustainability goals, this report summarizes key information about GM's U.S. engagement with governments on sustainability issues, in partnership with key external organizations across the United States.
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GM's Approach to Decarbonization
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GM's Approach
GM believes there is both an economic opportunity and a social imperative to reduce carbon emissions. Decarbonization requires effective policy approaches that are simple, broadly applied, and incentivize market participants to respond in ways that achieve carbon emissions reductions while minimizing adverse societal impacts.
GM pursues and advocates for policy actions that enable the evolution of the transportation sector by supporting vehicle electrification and grid decarbonization, along with sourcing renewable energy for our own operations. These actions encompass a wide range of areas that include strengthening supply chains, incentivizing technology development, addressing infrastructure, educating consumers on the benefits of vehicle electrification, and incentivizing EV purchases, especially among low-income families and communities.
It is critical that emissions regulations and grid transformation are matched to appropriate complementary policies that accelerate EV adoption. We believe in transformative levels of federal investment in public and private partnerships to build infrastructure—including vehicle chargers and the grid—to prepare for an electrified future.
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GM's Approach
Climate Action Framework
The changes driving the transition to an all-electric future represent a seismic shift in our industry. We understand that climate change does not impact every community equally, and that sustainable technology alone is not enough for everyone to benefit from an all-electric future. Our Climate Action Framework is rooted in four key areas: the future of work, access to electric vehicles (EVs), infrastructure, and climate.
Focus Areas
Future of Work
Developing skills for our electric future by investing in training and reskilling, such as through our Technical Learning University and its Electrical Apprentice Program
Climate
Funding organizations that are helping to close the climate gaps at the community level as well as educating key GM stakeholders
EV Access
Planning to offer a wide range of EVs across segments and price points
Infrastructure
Committing to accessible charging solutions that can help meet customers where they are and understanding the need to help address charging deserts and other scenarios that can hinder EV ownership
Principles
• Help make mobility safe, accessible, and environmentally friendly for all
• Incorporate and normalize equity considerations across our business operations and program implementation efforts, including workforce strategy, sustainability efforts, and products and services
• Work with community-based stakeholders to identify their unique needs, assets and priorities as well as collaboratively assist impacted communities
• Advocate for climate change action, renewable energy, and transportation-related policies at the federal, state, and local levels
• Help support organizations that are providing diverse communities access to a more sustainable future
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GM's Approach
Climate Fund
Our $50 million Climate Fund, launched in 2021, helps nonprofit organizations innovate and include the communities they serve in the transition to EVs and other sustainable technology. Through the Climate Fund, we have committed to several capital and philanthropic ventures that are helping to close the community gaps present in the transition to EVs and other sustainable technologies. Grants provided by the fund align with GM's three climate-focused social outcomes:
Sustainable Jobs
Sustainable Transportation
Community Climate Action
Current grants include:
California Fire Foundation: To better serve firefighters and their families in the event of disaster, The California Fire Foundation supports more than 100 disaster mitigation, relief, and recovery projects. This work takes place across California fire departments, firefighter associations, and community-based organizations serving extreme or elevated disasterthreatened and under-resourced communities.
Forth Mobility: Forth Mobility's programs are built and scaled to increase access to electric vehicles and electric vehicle infrastructure in communities where historical barriers to electrification exist.
GRID Alternatives: GRID Alternatives is expanding its efforts surrounding accessible clean mobility, developing electric vehicle infrastructure for multifamily affordable housing sites, and subsidizing an EV charging program.
Plug in America: Plug in America is increasing access to electric vehicle education materials for EV beginners and dealers across the country. With educational toolkits, Plug in America is expanding knowledge surrounding an effective, equitable transition to electric transportation.
Rocky Mountain Institute (RMI): The Rocky Mountain Institute is working towards an all-electric future through its initiative, Electric Mobility for All. Through its work, RMI is increasing access to electric mobility solutions and infrastructure with a focus on underserved communities.
Valley CAN: To fill the gap of electric vehicle technicians, Valley CAN is working to develop and implement electric vehicle maintenance training at community colleges within the state of California.
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Federal and State Action
We continue to work with federal and state governments to implement complementary policies and nonmonetary incentives. We also strive to work in partnership with federal, state, and local governments to build out infrastructure, low-carbon electricity, and the overall manufacturing footprint necessary to achieve our all-electric vision and carbon-neutral goals.
We carefully consider public policy challenges and opportunities to effectively advocate for legislative and regulatory action that will support decarbonizing on-road transportation and the grid. A few recent examples of GM's independent actions to advance our climate policy agenda, including advocacy to support all-electric vehicles, can be found in Appendix C.
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EPA Proposed Rulemaking Light-Duty Standards
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EPA Standards
GM plans to become carbon-neutral in its global product portfolio and operations by 2040 and has set science-based targets in line with the Paris Agreement. GM understands the
importance of greenhouse gas (GHG) regulations that are aligned with complementary policies. Ultimately, these policies, which include support for permitting reform, domestic supply chain development, consumer incentives, and charging infrastructure, are critical to the overall success of the regulations. GM and the U.S. auto industry overall have made great strides with GHG-reduction technologies since the first GHG standards were adopted for the 2012 model year (reference). We look forward to accelerating that progress with our EV transformation.
GM strongly believes that EVs are the future of transportation. GM has shown consistent support for the Biden administration's fleetwide GHG and EV goals:
• In January 2021, GM was the first full-line U.S. automaker to set 2035 as the target date to eliminate all tailpipe emissions from new light-duty vehicles in the U.S.
• Following EPA's August 2021 GHG regulation proposal, GM submitted comments supporting the environmental benefits of the EPA's historically stringent proposed GHG program for the 2023 to 2026 model years. (reference)
• In March 2022, GM, as a member of the Alliance for Automotive Innovation, filed a motion to intervene in support of the EPA against petitioners that have challenged the 2023-2026 GHG regulation. (reference)
• In August 2021, GM was proud to participate in the administration's event for Executive Order 14037 with a goal of 50% EV share by 2030, (reference) with an associated goal of a 60% GHG reduction from model year 2020 to 2030. (reference)
• In September 2022, GM committed to support standards for the U.S. market aimed at ensuring 50% EVs by 2030, the high end of our previously-stated EV aspiration, as well as a 60% reduction in new light-duty vehicle GHG emissions from 2021 to 2030, in coordination with the Environmental Defense Fund. (reference) This indicated our support for a well-structured regulation that underpins the Biden administration's Executive Order 14037, based on the passage of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (IIJA) and Inflation Reduction Act (IRA).
• These goals represent the appropriate path to eliminate all tailpipe emissions from new light-duty vehicles in the U.S. by 2035 and reaffirm our commitment to long-term science-based climate targets. These goals also recognize the profound uncertainties of supply chain, manufacturing, infrastructure, and consumer market dynamics through the interim years, as well as related to the implementation of the IRA through the regulation timeline.
• GM also proposed a "Leadership Pathway," an optional regulatory path for fast-moving companies that further accelerates EV deployment.
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EPA Standards
Alignment Across Applicable Regulations
GM supports and encourages whole-of-government coordination between federal and state
agencies. In particular, we encourage the EPA, the Department of Transportation's National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), Department of Energy (DOE), and California Air Resource Board (CARB) to work together to ensure a fleet that complies with the finalized EPA GHG programs (light-duty, medium-duty) also complies with EPA's criteria pollutant (light-duty, medium-duty), NHTSA's light-duty Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE), NHTSA's medium-duty Corporate Average Fuel Consumption (CAFC), CARB's criteria pollutant Low Emission Vehicle IV (LEV IV), and CARB's GHG regulations. Coordination across the U.S. federal government and with CARB will best ensure that communities, workers, consumers, and industry can successfully achieve this decarbonization transition.
GM is confident in its approach to transition to 50% EVs by 2030 and eliminate all tailpipe emissions from new light-duty vehicles in the U.S. by 2035, but our ability to meet precise EV shares in every applicable regulatory class in each model year is less clear. As a result, we are concerned that either a potential lack of clarity or a lack of coordination across the agencies may hinder an automaker's ability to remain in compliance, year after year, across each of these regulatory programs, even while meeting EPA's overall EV targets. Regulatory misalignment can lead to unanticipated consequences that include added costs for OEMs that will impact jobs, capital investments, and ultimately, the success of the transition.
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Implementing the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA)
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Inflation Reduction Act
While we are prepared for any policy environment, we strongly support provisions that will accelerate the transition so we can go bigger, move faster, and be globally competitive.
GM welcomes the new clean energy tax credits—in particular, the consumer EV purchase incentives for new, used, and commercial EVs. GM also welcomes the production tax credits to support domestic critical mineral processing and EV battery production, as well as grants to support the transition of auto manufacturing facilities to EV production. The new clean energy tax credits will support continued investments associated with our EV transformation. In addition, the credits will enable us to strategically increase our footprint domestically and with allies.
GM is well-positioned to help maximize the benefits of the clean vehicle purchase incentive for our customers, made possible by GM's historic investments in the U.S. to transform our portfolio, strengthen American manufacturing and jobs, and localize and build more secure and resilient supply chains. Because of these investments, GM now leads the industry in the number of models that qualify for the full $7,500 consumer incentive. Over the next ten years, GM will offer a broad selection of qualifying vehicles across numerous segments and price points, which will bolster our EV transformation as well as the U.S. production and adoption that these incentives were designed to support.
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Pending further IRA guidance, we expect that our EV models will continue to qualify for the full Clean Vehicle Tax credit in 2024. This means that qualifying customers are expected to have access to the full $7,500 credit across our entire EV fleet under the MSRP cap. Fleet customers including BrightDrop and the Chevrolet Silverado EV are expected to benefit from the $7,500 commercial incentive. (reference)
GM was the first OEM to publicly support the IRA. On August 1, 2022, GM published a statement in support of the climate provisions in the IRA:
"We are encouraged by the framework set forth in the legislative text. While some of the provisions are challenging and cannot be achieved overnight, we are confident that the significant
investments we are making in manufacturing, infrastructure, and supply chain along with the timely deployment of complementary policies can establish the U.S. as a global leader in electrification today, and into the future. We will continue
to review the details and we look forward to engaging all stakeholders and working collaboratively on these important issues." (reference)
Political Contributions: The GM Political Action Committee (GM PAC)
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Political Contributions
GM maintains a political action committee, GM PAC, in the U.S., that is funded by voluntary contributions from eligible employees. GM's political contribution strategy is guided by our Code of Conduct which values transparency and accountability and is critical to accomplishing our legislative agenda, including the passage of sustainability-related measures that will allow us to meet our science-based climate goals. In addition to reporting required by law, GM publishes annual voluntary reports of corporate and GM PAC political contributions, public policy priorities, and trade association and business organization memberships. (reference)3
In 2021, the GM PAC Board strengthened political contributions governance by enhancing how we evaluate a candidate's alignment with company values. We also expanded the review of contribution requests across a broader set of internal stakeholders. GM company values are considered when making contribution decisions and GM PAC will not support candidates who persistently contravene them.
The Center for Political Accountability awarded GM their highest— "Trendsetter"—status in their annual CPA-Zicklin Index of Corporate Political Disclosure and Accountability. Our enhanced governance measures ensure our PAC contribution strategy is informed by due diligence, aligns with our values and company goals, and strengthens our management of risk. (reference)
3Voluntary report includes links to lobbying disclosures and PAC filings.
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Partnerships and Coalitions 4
Public policy trends and developments can significantly affect GM's product strategies, capital investments, operations, employees, and shareholder value. GM is a member of several associations representing the automotive industry, specifically, and the business community at large.
GM does not agree with all the positions of every industry, trade, or policy organization in which it participates. However, through participation and active engagement with these organizations, GM seeks to influence their positions, including those related to climate, in a manner that aligns with GM's interests and policy goals.
We strive for alignment or consensus. When we identify misalignment, GM works to mitigate the misalignment from within the organization, or, where necessary, will independently advocate for our divergent position. GM advocates, within trade associations of which it is a member, to align with the goals of the Paris Agreement.
4 Please note this is a curated list of examples of industry associations and business memberships that actively engage on climate policy.
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Partnerships and Coalitions
Industry Leaders
GM interacts with automotive industry leaders through formal engagement in the Alliance for Automotive Innovation (Auto Innovators), the American Automotive Policy Council, the Electric Drive Transportation Association, the Truck and Engine Manufacturers Association, Veloz, SAFE, and the Electrification Coalition. GM also partners with aligned organizations and companies in key sectors, such as charging companies and utilities.
Researchers
GM works closely with state agencies, think tanks, research organizations, and consultants on infrastructure needs analyses, including RMI, National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Atlas Public Policy, and the International Council On Clean Transportation (ICCT) that inform planning and framework development.
Coalitions and Associations
GM participates in coalitions and associations that benefit the company, the industry, and help GM influence others toward effective climate change policies. Engaging with other stakeholders helps us gain perspective and views on public policy issues that impact our company and communities.
Additionally, participating in a broad array of groups expands the company's ability to build coalitions in support of our policy positions. In 2022, GM joined the Responsible Sourcing Coalition, which aims to drive the mining value chain to go beyond risk management in its mineral sourcing work by connecting companies with indigenous peoples and local communities.
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Nonprofit Advocacy
GM contributes to nonprofit coalitions with specific policy goals (e.g., infrastructure work through Build Together, and federal battery investment work through CALSTART's EV Battery Leadership Initiative). Additionally, GM builds relationships with nonprofit environmental advocates. For example, GM worked with the Environmental Defense Fund to both support electric vehicle provisions in the IIJA and IRA and to develop our national EV vision. GM is engaging with NGOs that have valuable insights into environmental justice, diversity, and inclusion to expand GM's understanding and shape inclusive policies. GM has become a member of the Ellen MacArthur Foundation Network to promote the principles of a circular economy. Through our membership, we are investigating ways to measure and improve our circularity.
Public Utilities
Utility engagement is essential for infrastructure deployment, electricity rate design, and vehicle-grid integration. GM works with several external partners and coalitions to educate stakeholders, shape utility proposals, and secure approval for utility programs. We also coordinate with the Alliance for Transportation Electrification, Vehicle-Grid Integration Council, charging companies, and leading utility associations such as Edison Electric Institute. GM also values ad hoc partnerships on specific proposals as well as working with environmental organizations (e.g., National Resource Defense Council, Sierra Club), charging companies, and labor groups (e.g., Coalition of California Utility Employees).
Partnerships and Coalitions
Select Industry Associations and Memberships Engaged on Climate Policy
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Partnerships and Coalitions
As part of our responsible participation in these memberships, GM regularly assesses the alignment of their positions and advocacy strategy with our company's priorities and values. We also reference the work of independent third-party organizations that assess corporate engagement and lobbying activity. GM also engages directly with the organizations to collaborate on the development of policy positions and recommendations that support the goals of the Paris Agreement.
The following pages are a summary of GM's review of the key associations of which GM is a member and their current positioning as it relates to the Paris Agreement.5 GM has reviewed its own climate policy positions and has engaged with the following stakeholders. GM has a commitment to engage with or withdraw from a trade association found to be misaligned.
⁵ Please note this is a curated list of examples of industry associations and business memberships that actively engage on climate policy.
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Partnerships and Coalitions
Alliance For Automotive Innovation
"The Alliance for Automotive Innovation (Auto Innovators) works with policymakers to support cleaner, safer, and smarter personal transportation that helps transform the U.S. economy and sustain American ingenuity and freedom of movement. From the manufacturers producing most vehicles sold in the U.S. to autonomous vehicle innovators, to equipment suppliers, battery producers, and semiconductor makers—Alliance for Automotive Innovation represents the full auto industry, a sector supporting 10 million American jobs and five percent of the economy." (reference)
Auto Innovators' Position on EPA Proposal (reference)
Auto Innovators' Position on Climate Change and Environmental Stewardship
"...we share EPA's and the Biden administration's goals to accelerate the transition to zero-emission vehicles. We also support continued efforts to reduce the emissions of internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles that will continue to be produced during the transition to electrification."
"Unlike EPA's past regulations that could be met by automaker action alone and without consumer participation or even knowledge, these standards require large numbers of BEVs and are based on many assumptions that are largely outside the control of either EPA or individual automakers. Getting these standards right is critical not only to the automakers that must comply with them, but also to the U.S. global competitiveness and the U.S. economy. If the standards push too fast, too soon, we risk relying on other nations to supply the minerals and batteries needed to produce more EVs. If the standards push too slowly, there is less incentive to develop the necessary supply chain capacity in the U.S. Balancing the requirements with the realities of the marketplace and the supply chain will be key to a successful rule that also solidifies our nation's electric vehicle competitiveness and leadership."
"Today's vehicles are cleaner, safer, and smarter. The auto industry is committed to developing innovative technologies that provide real-world solutions, increase energy efficiency, reduce environmental impact, and provide the widest range of options to meet our customers' driving needs." (reference)
"Committed to an Electric Future. More than 80 models of plug-in hybrid (PHEV), fully electric (BEV), and fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEV) are available now to consumers—and more are on the way. Automakers are providing our customers with record-breaking choice in energy-efficient models, while also providing even safer, more environmentally friendly, affordable vehicles. The automotive industry is investing more than $330 billion by 2025 in its commitment to vehicle electrification. Electric vehicles (EVs) are an important part of our mission, both in the U.S. and around the world." (reference)
"Automakers are committed to electrification. The industry publicly agreed in August 2021 that BEVs, PHEVs, and FCEVs could constitute 40 to 50 percent of new vehicle sales by 2030 with the right combination of supportive measures." (reference)
Auto Innovators is aligned with the Paris Agreement as it relates to the auto sector.
• "The auto industry is working toward a net-zero carbon transportation future and will invest $515 billion in electrification by 2030." (reference)
• "Auto manufacturers are committed to a net-zero carbon transportation future..." (reference)
• "The U.S. auto industry is aligned with the Biden administration's goals to achieve net-zero carbon transportation and an accelerated shift to electric-drive vehicles..." (reference)
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Partnerships and Coalitions
Alignment
Areas where GM has led by example to effect change
GM shares Auto Innovators' goal of a net-zero carbon transportation future. GM held the Chairmanship position during Auto Innovators' first year and helped guide Auto Innovators' positioning on what is needed to achieve this goal with a focus on the needed complementary policies and consumer education. (reference) Auto Innovators continues to work with stakeholders and NGOs in a manner consistent with this goal and a focus on a net-zero carbon future.
As it relates to the IRA, GM and Auto Innovators are not fully aligned. GM used its membership to inform Auto Innovators, and our fellow member companies, about the many advantages to the new economy stemming from the unique tax benefits provided by the IRA. In support of this dialogue, GM highlighted how it has committed to onshore and ally shore EV production and believes the IRA climate provisions support those goals.
Auto Innovators encompasses a diverse member base, and GM is ahead of some member companies in transitioning to all-electric vehicles. While GM's focus is on a portfolio of pure battery electric vehicles and the charging networks to support them, some members of Auto Innovators are transitioning via numerous intermediate technologies such as hybrids and plug-in hybrids, which rely on internal combustion engines.
GM's leadership within Auto Innovators includes work to amplify our plan to eliminate all tailpipe emissions from new light-duty vehicles in the U.S. by 2035 and to bring more of the industry into that vision. GM is focused on offering zero-emissions vehicles across a range of price points, working with all stakeholders to build out the necessary charging infrastructure, and promoting consumer acceptance while maintaining high-quality jobs, which will be needed to meet these ambitious goals.
GM provides the industry expertise necessary to inform circular EV economy policies, including the expertise to develop the vehicle and battery recycling industry. GM is advancing policy recommendations through our participation in the Auto Innovators EV & Battery Lifecycle Workgroup.
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Partnerships and Coalitions
American Automotive Policy Council
"For more than a century, American Automakers—Ford Motor Company, General Motors Company, and Stellantis— have been leaders in the American economy and continue to be the heart of America's industrial base and an engine of growth for our nation's economy and manufacturing sector. These American Automakers are represented by the American Automotive Policy Council (AAPC). The American Automakers—with their unwavering commitment to vehicle safety, quality, cutting-edge research and development, and unmatched investment in our country's automotive workforce—are key drivers of the United States' economic success… AAPC is a Washington, D.C.-based association helping American Automakers deliver on those commitments by representing Ford, GM, and Stellantis on their common public policy interests at the federal and international levels." (reference)
AAPC Position on Climate Change and Environmental Stewardship
Alignment
Areas where GM has led by example to effect change
AAPC has not taken a public position on the Paris Agreement because it is outside of AAPC's agreed scope of advocacy efforts. However, all three AAPC member companies do support the Paris Agreement.
AAPC is encouraged by the Biden administration's goals to boost the U.S. domestic PHEV/BEV market. However, AAPC believes that success can only be assured through a comprehensive public-private partnership aimed at a net zero-emissions future. Not only is it important to commit to that long-term goal, but it is also key that we take steps in the near term to accelerate the U.S. auto sector transition.
Because international trade is within the scope of AAPC's efforts, AAPC's policy priority is to advance regulatory harmonization. GM has continuously advocated for harmonizing standards where possible to enable the export of U.S. products that meet strict standards on emissions and safety to global markets.
GM has actively supported AAPC's efforts to understand how trade policies could be used to enable more EV exports from the United States. GM also encouraged AAPC to provide industry-representative comments on the U.S. government's development of a Clean Technologies Export Competitiveness Strategy.
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Partnerships and Coalitions
Business Roundtable
"Business Roundtable (BRT) is an association of chief executive officers of America's leading companies working to promote a thriving U.S. economy and expand opportunity for all Americans through sound public policy." (reference) GM's Chair and CEO, Mary Barra, is the Chair of the Roundtable.
"Climate change is real, and we must act. Meeting the scope of this challenge will require collective global action—business and government. The Business Roundtable's goals are ambitious but achievable, and we encourage business leaders across industries to do their part." —Mary Barra, Chairman & CEO, General Motors Company (reference)
BRT Position on Climate Change and Environmental Stewardship
Alignment
Areas where GM has led by example to effect change
BRT is unambiguously aligned with the Paris Agreement.
"Business Roundtable believes that to avoid the worst impacts of climate change, the world must work together to limit global temperature rise this century to well below 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels, consistent with the Paris Agreement." (reference) "Business Roundtable CEOs are calling for a well-designed market-based mechanism and other supporting policies to provide certainty and unleash innovation to lift America toward a cleaner, brighter future…[and] Business Roundtable CEOs believe market-based solutions are the best approach to combating climate change." (reference) GM and the BRT are aligned on numerous climate policy positions and advocate for solutions that address climate change through multiple pathways. These include market-based strategies, encouraging the importance of placing a value on carbon, investing in advanced technologies that eliminate carbon emissions, and driving energy efficiency economy-wide. GM and members of the BRT expressed this alignment in the September 2020 Addressing Climate Change Report, which provides a framework for how American businesses can help address climate change.
BRT encompasses a diverse member base and GM is ahead of some member companies as it relates to transitioning to net zero. BRT's positions on climate including cap and trade policies have been evolving in recent years, and in 2021 they issued a principles document: Addressing Climate Change (reference).
While GM supported the passage of the IRA, the BRT opposed it due to a majority of BRT members who opposed the corporate tax increases that were contained in the bill. GM worked with the BRT on positive language regarding the climate provisions to include in its position of the IRA. GM has determined it can best influence BRT by continuing to participate as an active member and leader both of BRT and in the transition to zero emissions.
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Partnerships and Coalitions
Clean Energy Buyers Association
"The Clean Energy Buyers Association (CEBA) is a membership association for energy customers seeking to procure clean energy across the U.S. Today, its membership of over 300 includes stakeholders from across commercial and industrial sectors, non-profit organizations, as well as energy providers and service providers." (reference) GM's Director of Global Energy Strategy is a Board Member and Vice-Chair of CEBA.
CEBA Position on Inflation Reduction Act
CEBA Position on Climate Change and Environmental Stewardship
"Investments in the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) will create jobs, reduce energy costs, provide market stability to mobilize the deployment of capital for clean energy and catalyze next-generation technology, manufacturing, and innovation. Collectively, the bipartisan Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act and the CHIPS Act (Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce Semiconductors for America Act), together with the IRA, are poised to advance affordable, reliable, and clean energy for all Americans." (reference) According to Miranda Ballentine, CEO of CEBA, "This is the decisive decade for climate action and especially for decarbonization of the power sector. To achieve a net-zero economy worldwide by 2050, the United States must lead. And the power sector must accelerate toward a 2030 timeline as electrification of other industries will be driving up power use." (reference) 2030 Aspiration "CEBA's aspiration is to achieve a 90% carbon-free U.S. electricity system by 2030 and to cultivate a global community of energy customers driving clean energy…CEBA's overarching theory of change is that clean energy customers play a critical role in positively influencing energy providers and policymakers and have proven their capability by driving the evolution of the energy market for the last decade. CEBA will achieve its bold ambition through three key transformations: 1. Unlock markets for energy customers to use demand and market influence to accelerate electricity decarbonization 2. Catalyze communities of customers to more rapidly deploy and to do more than they could on their own 3. Decarbonize the grid for all, including those who can't/won't participate in markets These transformations are made possible by accelerating and growing clean energy transactions; solving the toughest market barriers; and activating our communities to be greater than the sum of their parts." (reference) Alignment GM and the CEBA are aligned on working towards a carbon-free U.S. electricity system in this decade. GM is a founding member of the organization and serves as a member of the executive board.
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Partnerships and Coalitions
Electric Drive Transportation Association
"Established in 1989, the Electric Drive Transportation Association (EDTA) is the cross-industry trade association promoting the advancement of electric drive technology and electrified transportation. Members represent the entire value chain of electric drive, including vehicle manufacturers, battery and component manufacturers, utilities, charging infrastructure developers and others. Collectively, we are committed to realizing the economic, national security and environmental benefits of displacing oil with electricity in battery and fuel cell-powered vehicles." (reference)
EDTA Position on Inflation Reduction Act
EDTA Position on Climate Change and Environmental Stewardship
Alignment
Areas where GM has led by example to effect change
"The Inflation Reduction Act is a historic step in addressing climate change. The Electric Drive Transportation Association is encouraged by its investments in the electric vehicle supply chain, manufacturing, and support for building out charging infrastructure, which will help build U.S. leadership in e-mobility." (reference)
EDTA does not have a formal position on the Paris Agreement.
"EDTA, the collective voice of the entire value chain, believes that: • Achieving net-zero emissions transportation for all Americans is a critically important goal that requires a comprehensive effort across multiple sectors of the economy to electrify transportation.
• U.S. leadership in this effort to electrify transportation will secure our economic future while driving innovation that reduces emissions, creates jobs, and boosts investment opportunities in our communities and across all segments of the economy.
• To secure leadership, the U.S. should implement an aggressive five-year plan that catalyzes growth with significant, long-term investments in market expansion and accelerates technology development and deployment for cross-sector adoption of e-mobility." (reference)
"On December 21, 2020, EDTA released EV Leadership: A 5-Year Policy Plan, identifying policies that can be implemented in the next five years to secure U.S. leadership in electrification. These measures can catalyze innovation and investment that will grow markets and supply chains, speed U.S. innovation and empower consumers with mobility choices. Policy action is needed in five key areas:
1. Scale the passenger vehicle market,
2. Accelerate commercial fleet adoption,
3. Expand infrastructure to support local, regional, and interstate charging and refueling options,
4. Build a 21st century power grid to deliver an electrified transportation sector; and
5. Advance next-generation technology and the supply chain through research, development, and deployment." (reference)
To support the goal of achieving sales of 50% of annual U.S. volumes of EVs by 2030, EDTA and GM are aligned on working with stakeholders to enable sufficient EV charging infrastructure and promoting consumer acceptance while maintaining high-quality jobs. EDTA has been a consistent advocate for necessary complementary EV policies such as consumer incentives, infrastructure incentives, and consumer education.
GM diverges from EDTA members in that GM is transitioning to full-function battery electric vehicles, and thus, GM supports policies primarily focused on pure battery electric vehicles rather than exclusively emphasize technologies such as hybrids or plug-in hybrids that some EDTA members support.
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Partnerships and Coalitions
National Association of Manufacturers
"The National Association of Manufacturers (NAM) works for the success of the more than 12.9 million people who make things in America. Our work is centered around four values that make our industry strong and America exceptional: free enterprise, competitiveness, individual liberty, and equal opportunity. These pillars guide what we do every day, whether it's standing up for manufacturers in Washington, D.C., inspiring the next generation of manufacturing talent, providing news and intelligence about the industry, or helping members innovate and advance. Representing 14,000 member companies—from small businesses to global leaders—in every industrial sector, we are the nation's most effective resource and most influential advocate for these values and for manufacturers across the country." (reference) Beginning in 2023, GM's Executive Vice President, Legal, Policy, Cybersecurity, and Corporate Secretary, serves as a member of the Executive Council.
NAM Position on Climate Change and Environmental Stewardship
Alignment
NAM supports the Paris Agreement. In a 2021 publication titled "The Promise Ahead: Manufacturers Taking Action on Climate," NAM highlighted, "The purpose of a climate treaty is to keep postindustrial warming of the planet to 'well below 2 degrees and approaching 1.5 degrees.'" (reference)
"The NAM laid out a comprehensive roadmap for climate action in, 'The Promise Ahead,' which included immediate actions for policymakers. Many of these immediate actions were included in the late 2020 energy bill, the 2021 bipartisan infrastructure and climate bill, and the 2022 reconciliation legislation. Sustainable permitting improvements, electric grid modernization, climate adaptation and resiliency programs, zero-carbon nuclear power, clean hydrogen, drinking water improvements, efficient manufacturing, and new energy innovation programs were all included with robust funding.
We must build on these major climate and environmental down payments. Manufacturing holds the key to solving this global challenge. Think about the technologies that will get us there: clean energy, carbon capture, hydrogen, microgrids, advanced vehicles, and more. Manufacturers make these products and develop technologies that will allow us to continue inventing new innovative solutions. If we work together, we can make our vision of a brighter tomorrow a reality." (reference)
On July 14, 2023, NAM Managing Vice President of Policy, Chris Netram, testified at the House Financial Services Committee hearing titled "Reforming the Proxy Process to Safeguard Investor Interests." Netram said, "Focusing on financial returns helps businesses grow and safeguards investors' retirement security. But in recent years, third parties have hijacked the proxy process to distract companies from this duty: activists use the proxy ballot to advance political and social agendas, proxy firms dictate corporate governance decisions, and the SEC is empowering these groups—while also proposing ESG disclosure mandates of its own... Politically motivated activists are pursuing inflexible ESG agendas with little regard to their impact on everyday Americans' financial security—and the SEC is increasingly a partner in their effort." (reference)
NAM has a diverse membership base and GM has determined it can best influence NAM by continuing to participate as an active member and leader in the economy-wide transition to zero emissions.
As it relates to the IRA, GM and NAM are not fully aligned. GM used its membership to inform NAM and our fellow member companies about the many advantages to the new economy that stem from the unique tax benefits provided by the IRA. In support of this dialogue, GM highlighted how it has committed to onshore and ally shore EV production and believes the IRA climate provisions support those goals.
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Partnerships and Coalitions
Truck And Engine Manufacturers Association
"The Truck and Engine Manufacturers Association (EMA) represents worldwide manufacturers of internal combustion engines and on-highway medium- and heavy-duty trucks. EMA works with government and industry to help the nation achieve its goals of cleaner air and safer highways and to ensure that environmental and safety standards and regulations are technologically feasible, cost-effective, and provide safety and environmental benefits... EMA works with government regulators and other interested stakeholders on the development and implementation of cost-effective regulations, test procedures, and programs designed to reduce emissions from internal combustion engines, improve the quality of the fuels and lubricants on which they operate, and improve the fuel efficiency and safety of on-highway trucks." (reference)
EMA Position on Climate Change and Environmental Stewardship
EMA does not have a formal position on the Paris Agreement.
"The Truck and Engine Manufacturers Association (EMA) is committed to a zero-emission vehicle (ZEV) future, cleaner air, and healthier communities. EMA also is committed to partnering with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and other stakeholders to develop and implement federal policies that can facilitate those goals. EMA seeks to further reduce nitrogen oxides (NOx) and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from heavy-duty, on-highway trucks through the Clean Trucks Plan without diverting the resources needed for ZEV research and development...EMA supports EPA's efforts to further reduce emissions and asks that a national NOx rule serve as a bridge to the zero-emission future. A correlating national ZEV infrastructure and incentive investment strategy would deliver outsized environmental benefits." (reference) Press Release, July 6, 2023: "CARB and truck and engine manufacturers announce unprecedented partnership to meet clean air goals. The new Clean Truck Partnership agreement offers flexibility to address public health of Californians and the needs of fleet manufacturers that build the technology required for the transition to zero emissions. The California Air Resources Board announced a Clean Truck Partnership today with the nation's leading truck manufacturers and the Truck and Engine Manufacturers Association that advances the development of zero-emission vehicles (ZEVs) for the commercial trucking industry, which includes flexibility for manufacturers to meet emissions requirements while still reaching the state's climate and emission reduction goals.
The Clean Truck Partnership, which includes Cummins, Inc., Daimler Truck North America, Ford Motor Company, General Motors Company, Hino Motors Limited, Inc., Izuzu Technical Center of America, Inc., Navistar, Inc., Stellantis N.V., Truck and Engine Manufacturers Association, and Volvo Group North America, marks a commitment from the companies to meet California's vehicle standards that will require the sale and adoption of zero-emissions technology in the state, regardless of whether any other entity challenges California's authority to set more stringent emissions standards under the federal Clean Air Act...
EMA President Jed Mandel said, 'This agreement reaffirms EMA's and its members' longstanding commitment to reducing emissions and to a zero-emissions commercial vehicle future and it demonstrates how EMA and CARB can work together to achieve shared clean air goals. Through this agreement, we have aligned on a single nationwide nitrogen oxide emissions standard, secured needed lead time and stability for manufacturers, and agreed on regulatory changes that will ensure continued availability of commercial vehicles. We look forward to continuing to work constructively with CARB on future regulatory and infrastructure efforts designed to support a successful transition to ZEVs.'" (reference)
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Partnerships and Coalitions
Alignment
Areas where GM has led by example to effect change
GM, "...recognizing the importance of preserving and protecting the environment," (reference) signed on to the Clean Truck Partnership and reaffirmed our commitment to meet, "...CARB's zero-emission and criteria pollutant regulations in the state regardless of any attempts by other entities to challenge California's authority." (reference) GM, working alongside other members, urged EMA leadership to deepen the technical engagement with CARB that was necessary to bring about the Clean Truck Partnership.
"GM supports emission standards and complementary policies that will help accelerate the transition to zero-emissions vehicles and reduce air pollution." (reference)
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Partnerships and Coalitions
U.S. Chamber of Commerce
"The Chamber of Commerce of the United States (The Chamber) is the world's largest business organization. Our members range from the small businesses and chambers of commerce across the country that support their communities, to the leading industry associations and global corporations that innovate and solve for the world's challenges, to the emerging and fast-growing industries that are shaping the future. For all of the people across the businesses we represent, the U.S. Chamber of Commerce is a trusted advocate, partner, and network, helping them improve society and people's lives." (reference)
The Chamber Position on Climate Change and Environmental Stewardship
"Combating climate change requires citizens, governments, and businesses to work together. Inaction is simply not an option. American businesses play a vital role in creating innovative solutions and reducing greenhouse gases to protect our planet. A challenge of this magnitude requires collaboration, not confrontation, to advance the best ideas and policies. Together, we can forge solutions that improve our environment and grow our economy—leaving the world better for generations to come." (reference) In a July 2023 report, the U.S. Chamber highlighted the environmental benefit of all-electric AVs such as GM-backed Cruise.⁶ "The use of AVs could result in significant reductions in greenhouses [sic] gases and other pollutants...The climate benefits of fleets of electric-powered AVs supplanting the use of other vehicles could be substantial... The judicious use of shared-ride AVs could lower emissions by enhancing efficiency and reducing congestion in other ways...AVs will play an important role in reducing emissions and urban congestion, given appropriate planning and management." (reference) The Chamber has one major initiative titled, "Climate Change: The Path Forward." "We [The Chamber] stand with every American seeking a cleaner, stronger environment—for today and tomorrow. Our climate is changing and humans are contributing to these changes. Inaction is simply not an option. Combating climate change will require citizens, government, and business to work together. American businesses play a vital role in creating innovative solutions to protect our planet. A challenge of this magnitude requires collaboration, not confrontation, to advance the best ideas and policies. Together, we can forge solutions that improve our environment and grow our economy—leaving the world better for generations to come." (reference) The Chamber, "supported the Biden administration's decision to rejoin the Paris Climate Agreement and [was] an official observer to the U.N. Conference of the Parties climate negotiations in Scotland [(COP26)]." (reference) The Chamber, "represented the private sector at the COP27 conference in Egypt and worked to convey the important role of business in implementing climate solutions." (reference) For this year, "the Chamber team has been working with the U.S. and UAE governments to ensure private sector solutions are front and center at COP28." (reference)
⁶ Cruise, GM's majority-owned autonomous vehicle (AV) technology startup, became the first paid driverless ride-hailing service in a major U.S. city when it launched in San Francisco, followed by commercial expansion into the Phoenix area and Austin. (reference)
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Partnerships and Coalitions
Alignment
Areas where GM has led by example to effect change
The Chamber has progressed in its climate change position. This includes putting forth a comprehensive position that supports U.S. participation in the Paris Agreement and calls on policymakers to act on climate. Additionally, The Chamber has launched a task force open to its entire membership to inform the organization's climate policy.
GM and other members worked with The Chamber to align on climate change priorities. The Chamber's Center for Capital Markets Competitiveness coordinated with other businesses to learn more about evolving positions and current practices from the perspective of public companies.
As it relates to the IRA, GM, and The Chamber are not fully aligned. GM used its membership to inform The Chamber and our fellow member companies about the many advantages to the new economy stemming from the unique tax benefits provided by the IRA. In support of this dialogue, GM highlighted how it has committed to onshore and allyshore EV production and believes the IRA climate provisions support those goals.
GM's GPP team has had discussions with Chamber staff and responded to formal solicitations for input from members to ensure that GM's policy views are communicated. GM has consistently maintained that The Chamber should embrace a more progressive approach to climate change, including supporting market-based emissions reduction policies, U.S. participation in the Paris Agreement, and climate change provisions of the IRA. To this end, GM's Chair and CEO, Mary Barra, has met with the President and CEO of The Chamber to express GM's climate policy position, share our vision for an all-electric vehicle future, and request that The Chamber support complementary policies needed to achieve that vision.
While acknowledging The Chamber's evolving position on climate and sustainability, GM also invited The Chamber to work with its members to enable the necessary policies that support GM's move to an all-electric future—such as charging infrastructure, supply chain development, and consumer education.
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Partnerships and Coalitions
Veloz
"Veloz engages its powerhouse of members, public-private partnerships, programs, policy engagement, and public awareness campaigns to overcome barriers to electrification and create a virtuous cycle of desire and demand, with more affordable makes and models and refueling stations…The EV Market Report, produced quarterly [by Veloz] in collaboration with the California Energy Commission and the California Air Resources Board, has fast become a valuable industry source of EV data frequently cited in news media and serves as a benchmark for the growing electric vehicle market…ElectricForAll.org, powered by Veloz, is [an] EV education and awareness website for consumers." (reference) Veloz's Vision: "The future is electric for all. All vehicles are electric; all people, corporations, and agencies who want or need a car or truck can and do choose electric; and all energy that powers these vehicles is carbon-free." (reference) GM's Vice President, Global Regulatory Affairs, is a Board Member of Veloz.
Veloz Position on Climate Change and Environmental Stewardship
Alignment
"Pollution from fossil fueled cars and trucks poses a critical threat to public health, the planet, and the economy - immediately and long-term. Low-income communities and communities of color bear the worst brunt. The urgency of this moment in history requires a fast transition to electric cars and trucks. This is an opportunity to lead the global multi-trillion-dollar electric vehicle market with economic and environmental benefits for all Californians and Americans." (reference) GM and Veloz are aligned on working to overcome barriers to electrification and accelerate current EV policy conversations. GM is a founding member of the organization and serves as a member of the board.
Forward Looking Statements
This report may include "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the U.S. federal securities laws. Forward-looking statements are any statements other than statements of historical fact. Forward-looking statements represent our current judgment about possible future events. In making these statements, we rely upon assumptions and analysis based on our experience and perception of historical trends, current conditions and expected future developments, as well as other factors we consider appropriate under the circumstances. We believe these judgments are reasonable, but these statements are not guarantees of any future events or financial results, and our actual results may differ materially due to a variety of factors, many of which are described in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and our other filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. We caution readers not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made, and we undertake no obligation to update publicly or otherwise revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or other factors that affect the subject of these statements, except where we are expressly required to do so by law.
This report covers certain information about GM's activities in 2022 and 2023 and was published on December 8, 2023.
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Appendix
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Appendix
Appendix A - Key 2023 GM announcements supporting GM's investments and actions to deliver on an all-electric vehicle future:
January 10, 2023: RMI Launches "Virtual Power Plant Partnership" With Support from General Motors & Google Nest
• The "VP3" Initiative will Help Catalyze Potential for Rapid Growth of Virtual Power Plants
• In recognition of the critical work needed to tackle scaling the market for virtual power plants, initial funding for the VP3 effort was made possible by General Motors and Google Nest. (reference)
January 31, 2023: GM and Lithium Americas to Develop U.S.-Sourced Lithium Production through $650 Million Equity Investment and Supply Agreement
• Thacker Pass in Nevada is the largest known source of lithium in the United States
• GM to receive exclusive access to Phase 1 production
• Material sourced from Lithium Americas will help support EV eligibility for consumer incentives under the U.S. clean energy tax credits (reference)
February 23, 2023: U.S. Steel Announces Supply Agreement with General Motors for U.S.-Sourced Sustainable verdeX® Steel
• U.S. Steel announced today that it will supply GM with its advanced and sustainable steel solution called verdeX® steel.
• The steel is manufactured with up to 75 percent fewer emissions compared to traditional blast furnace production1, is made with up to 90 percent recycled content, and is endlessly recyclable without degradation. (reference)
April 3, 2023: Order Update: Your BrightDrop EV is on the Way
• BrightDrop is shipping its first Canadian-built vehicles, announcing 2023 BrightDrop Zevo 600s are sold out, and adding Ryder as a customer. (reference)
April 11, 2023: GM Leads $50 Million Funding Round in EnergyX to Unlock U.S.-Based Lithium Supply for Rapidly Scaling EV Production
• Advanced refining technology has potential to fully optimize North American lithium recovery and make EV production more affordable and sustainable. (reference)
April 17, 2023: Customers to Benefit from Full $7,500 Clean Vehicle Purchase Incentive Across GM's Entire EV Fleet Under MSRP Cap
• Qualifying customers will have access to the full $7,500 credit across our entire EV fleet under the MSRP cap in 2023: Cadillac LYRIQ, Chevrolet Bolt EV, Chevrolet Bolt EUV, Chevrolet Equinox EV SUV, Chevrolet Blazer EV SUV & Chevrolet Silverado EV.
• Fleet customers including BrightDrop and the Chevrolet Silverado EV will benefit from the $7,500 commercial incentive. (reference)
April 26, 2023: General Motors and Samsung SDI Plan to Invest More than $3 Billion to Expand U.S. JV Battery Cell Manufacturing
• GM and Samsung SDI announced today they plan to invest more than $3 billion to build a new JV battery cell manufacturing plant in the United States that is targeted to begin operations in 2026. (reference)
April 28, 2023: General Motors Releases 2022 Sustainability Report Detailing Progress Toward an Electric Future for Everyone
• GM opened its first Ultium Cells LLC JV battery manufacturing plant in Warren, Ohio, with plans for more facilities to come.
• GM joined the First Movers Coalition for steel and aluminum, a commitment to work toward a solution and signal support for the development of low-CO2 aluminum and steel products.
• GM provided $60 million in grants to more than 400 U.S. nonprofits working in education, road safety, community enrichment, and climate initiatives. (reference)
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Appendix Appendix
June 2, 2023: GM and POSCO Future M to Expand EV Battery Supply Chain in North America with New Integrated CAM and Precursor Processing Complex
• New investment expanding the Ultium CAM JV, projected to exceed $1 billion, which includes an additional CAM and a precursor facility for local on-site processing of critical minerals.
• GM's partnerships, investments, and strategic supply agreements across the EV supply chain are helping to create thousands of jobs in Canada, the United States, and free trade agreement countries. (reference)
June 8, 2023: General Motors Doubles Down on Commitment to a Unified Charging Standard and Expands Charging Access to Tesla Supercharger Network
• GM will begin to integrate the North American Charging Standard (NACS) in new EVs starting in 2025.
• GM customers will be able to access 12,000 Tesla Superchargers and growing beginning in early 2024.
• Builds on progress made to date through the Ultium Charge 360 initiative to expand access for residential, work, and public charging. (reference)
June 8, 2023: FedEx and General Motors Support RMI Research to Accelerate Transportation Electrification
• RMI has received philanthropic grants from FedEx and General Motors to accelerate the transition to a zero-carbon and equitable transportation future.
• The programs RMI, FedEx, and GM are collaborating on will focus on advancing research into electrification strategies and solution development from electric grid planning to EV charging infrastructure access. (reference)
June 14, 2023: BrightDrop Expands Deliveries Outside U.S. with FedEx Express Canada
• FedEx Express Canada welcomed its first 50 BrightDrop Zevo 600 electric delivery vehicles at an event in Toronto.
• The introduction of BrightDrop's electric vans into the FedEx fleet in Canada is an important step in the company's goal to transform its entire parcel pickup and delivery (PUD) fleet to all-electric, zero-tailpipe emission vehicles by 2040. (reference)
June 27, 2023: GM Defense to Prototype an Advanced Energy Storage System for the Defense Innovation Unit
• GM Defense, a subsidiary of GM, was selected by the Department of Defense's (DoD) Defense Innovation Unit (DIU) to prototype an energy storage unit.
• GM Defense's solution will meet the requirements of DIU's Stable Tactical Expeditionary Electric Power (STEEP) program.
• STEEP seeks to support tactical microgrid and energy management capabilities in austere locations, reducing logistical requirements and the reliance on fossil fuels as the primary energy source across the DoD. (reference)
June 28, 2023: GM Energy Simplifies Energy Management with Three Easy Bundle Options for Ultium Home Customers
• GM Energy's initial retail offerings will enable customers to leverage vehicle-to-home (V2H) bidirectional charging technology, stationary storage, and additional energy management products.
• The Ultium Home product offerings will be the first solutions to be made available to residential customers through GM Energy and are designed to provide greater energy independence, resiliency, and value, enabling the use of backup power for essential home needs during times when energy is unavailable from the grid. (reference)
June 30, 2023: General Motors Acquires Battery Software Startup ALGOLiON
• GM announced today that it has acquired substantially all the assets of Israel-based battery software startup ALGOLiON Ltd. for an undisclosed sum.
• The acquisition was led by the newly formed Technology Acceleration and Commercialization (TAC) organization, a group within GM that works to identify emerging technology that can support GM's leadership position in battery development through investments, acquisitions, or partnerships. (reference)
July 18, 2023: Major Global Corporations Join with RMI to Advance Electric Sector Transformation
• The ZEROgrid Initiative brings Akamai, General Motors, Meta, Prologis, Salesforce, Walmart, and others together to help Tackle the Toughest Challenges in Decarbonizing the Grid and Improving Reliability.
• The new effort, the Zero Emissions, Reliability Optimized Grid Initiative (ZEROgrid), is intended to maximize grid reliability and emissions reduction by enabling sustained, high-impact corporate action across clean energy procurement, policy, investment, R&D, and operations. (reference)
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July 26, 2023: Seven Automakers Unite to Create a Leading High-Powered Charging Network Across North America
• Seven major global automakers—BMW Group, General Motors, Honda, Hyundai, Kia, Mercedes-Benz Group, Stellantis NV—will create an unprecedented new charging network JV that will significantly expand access to high-powered charging in North America.
• With a focus on delivering an elevated customer experience, the network will provide reliability, high-powered charging capability, digital integration, appealing locations, various amenities while charging, and use renewable energy. (reference)
August 1, 2023: EVgo and General Motors Open 1,000th DC Fast Charging Stall as Part of Metropolitan Charging Collaboration
• Milestone installation marks progress in shared goal of expanding public charging access and accelerating EV adoption
• EVgo, one of the nation's largest public fast charging networks for electric vehicles, and General Motors have surpassed 1,000 fast charging stalls as part of their longstanding collaboration to expand fast charging infrastructure.
• First announced in 2020 and expanded upon in 2021, the collaboration will lead to the development and installation of 3,250 DC fast-charging stalls in major metro markets. (reference)
August 7, 2023: BrightDrop EVs are Headed to Mexico
• BrightDrop is taking on North America by adding Mexico as the next country to receive its electric vans.
• With products in the United States, Canada, and soon-to-be Mexico, GM's e-delivery tech business is helping commercial fleet customers with their electrification needs across the continent. (reference)
August 8, 2023: GM Makes Vehicle-to-Home Bidirectional Charging Technology Available Across Portfolio of Upcoming Ultium-based EVs
• Vehicle-to-Home (V2H) rollout across new Ultium-based EVs anticipated by model year 2026
• Expanding access to V2H technology will allow customers to experience even more EV benefits
• V2H technology offers customers greater control over energy management, helping to strengthen energy independence (reference)
August 16, 2023: GM Invests in AI and Battery Materials Innovator Mitra Chem
• Mitra Chem's proprietary AI platform is expected to accelerate GM's development of affordable batteries in the U.S.
• GM is leading a $60 million Series B financing round in Mitra Chem, a Silicon Valley-based, AI-enabled battery materials innovator.
• The company's AI-powered platform and advanced research and development facility in Mountain View, California, will help accelerate GM's commercialization of affordable electric vehicle batteries. (reference)
Appendix B - The Paris Agreement
"The Paris Agreement's, "overarching goal is to hold, 'the increase in the global average temperature to well below 2 degrees C above pre-industrial levels' and pursue efforts 'to limit the temperature increase to 1.5 degrees C above pre-industrial levels.'" (reference) According to the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, "the global temperature will stabilise [sic] when carbon dioxide emissions reach net zero. For 1.5 degrees C (2.7 degrees F), this means achieving net zero carbon dioxide emissions globally in the early 2050s." (reference)
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Appendix
Appendix C - Federal and State Action
Action at the Federal Level
• GM has actively engaged with the Department of Energy, Department of Transportation, Internal Revenue Service, Environmental Protection Agency, and the White House on the implementation of the 2022 Inflation Reduction Act to ensure the U.S. is a global leader in electrification today and into the future.
• GM advocates for EV charging infrastructure that accelerates the adoption of EVs.
• GM advocates for clear and timely guidance on the details of the various EV and battery tax credits contained in the IRA. We also advocate for clear and timely federal guidance on the provisions of the National Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Program in order to roll out EV Infrastructure as soon as possible to support the growing EV fleet.
• GM advocates for market-based approaches that decarbonize transportation and incentivize EVs through the adoption of low-carbon fuel standards at the state and federal levels.
Action at a State Level
California
• GM actively participates in state regulatory discussions and workshops around vehicle-grid integration (VGI) to create more opportunities for EV drivers to save money and mitigate grid impacts.
• GM leads and contributes to various EV education campaigns, including an EV incentive awareness campaign by Veloz—a California-based nonprofit organization led by key companies, agencies, and nonprofits.
• GM qualified 23MY & 24MY BrightDrop Zevo 600 & 24MY BrightDrop Zevo 400 for rebate in California. Customers may receive a rebate of up to $45,000. (reference) • GM qualified 23MY Chevrolet Bolt EV & EUV, and 24MY Chevrolet Blazer EV for rebate in California. Customers may receive a rebate of up to $7,500. 24MY Cadillac Lyriq and 23MY Debut Edition were also qualified for rebate.
Colorado
• GM worked with the Polis administration and legislators to draft, amend, and ultimately support HB 1272 Tax Policy That Advances Decarbonization. The bill raises the state light-duty electric vehicle tax credit to $5,000 starting July 2023, with an additional $2,500 available for vehicles with an MSRP of $35,000 or less. State tax credits will be available for EVs with an MSRP of up to $80,000. The bill also boosts the state tax credit for medium-duty electric trucks to $12,000 through 2025. Incentives can be stacked with the federal tax credit and other incentives.
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Appendix
Indiana
• GM successfully advocated for reduced annual fees for battery electric vehicles in Indiana with House Bill 1050, which was signed into law in May 2023. GM estimates internal combustion engine vehicle drivers in Indiana pay, on average, $278 in state gas tax annually. Effective in 2024, EV drivers in Indiana will pay a $214 registration fee annually.
Minnesota
• In May 2023, GM advocated for the establishment of an electric vehicle rebate program in support of the Environment and Energy Omnibus Bill, HF 2310. Governor Tim Walz signed HF 2310 with a one-time appropriation of $10.5M in year one and $5M in year two. A $2,500 rebate will be available for new battery electric vehicles purchased or leased with an MSRP of less than $55,000. Rebates are available to residents of Minnesota, as well as businesses and nonprofits with a Minnesota address. GM will continue to advocate for additional incentive programs.
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Michigan
• GM has a seat on the Michigan Council for Future Mobility and Electrification, a 17-member Council within the Department of Labor and Economic Opportunity. This Council provides the governor and state legislature with annual recommendations regarding changes to state policies that enable Michigan to be the world leader in automated, driverless, and connected vehicle technology. In addition, the Council is working to help Michigan wisely invest resources in electrification and decarbonized mobility in Michigan.
New York
• GM actively participates in state regulatory discussions and workshops around vehicle-grid integration (VGI) to create more opportunities for EV drivers to save money and mitigate grid impacts.
• GM qualified 23MY Chevrolet Bolt EV & EUV, and 24MY Chevrolet Blazer EV for rebate in New York. Customers may receive a rebate of up to $2,000. 23MY & 24MY Cadillac Lyriq were also qualified for the rebate.